EOTO #2 Reaction

 After watching all of the EOTO presentations the one presentation that stuck out to me most and made me learn something new was all the information on Online Influencers. Since I do use social media daily I did have a great understanding somewhat of what an online influencer is but I learned so much more by watching these presentations.

The first thing I didn't know was how much the government was actually involved with online influencers and the huge impact they had on these people. Many people who use social media know that an Online influencer is people with high social media followers and who have high authority over  specific people in particular places all over the world. I also learned that online influencers get products from many different popular brands allowing themselves to be a marketing advocate for all these high end companies. They will post many different videos showcasing their products allowing all of their fans to view it making them want to buy these products. 

Online Inlfuencers preach different categories that they are passionate about such  as beauty, fashion, health, food, pets  and even sports for example. There are also higher rankings of online influencers based on how many viewers and followers they have. First the mega-influencers with more than a million followers,  Macro-influencers with 500K to 1 million followers ,Mid-tier influencers with 50K to 500K followers , Micro-influencers with 10K to 50K followers and lastly Nano-influencers with 1K to 10K followers. This was so interesting to me because I never knew there were different rankings of influencers based on how many followers they had and how many people were fans of specific people. This allowed me to put into perspective about which of my favorite influencers would be ranked in which category.

To conclude, these presentations made me learn so much about online influencers and how they support businesses and make marketing bigger. With online influencers so many topics including worldwide subjects influencers are used to spread awareness and information to benefit the world. 

EOTO #2 Operation MockingBird

 Our second EOTO my group had, the overall theme was Awareness. I was able to get a better understanding of the concept of Operation MockingBird. After researching Operation MockingBird I was able to get a better understanding of False information and this specific method of false information. 

Frank Wiser was someone who was very involved with the concept of false information. He was the director of the Office of Special Projects which then became the Office of Policy Coordination. This allowed him to be able to also be involved with False information and be a big part of false information. He was a very big part of Operation MockingBird and allowed people to get a better understanding of what was actually going on in the world and all the different false information and types of false information there was. Frank Wiser was told to create an organizations  focused on “propaganda, economic warfare,  preventive direct action, including sabotage”. This was a line that he preached and allowed people to get a better understanding of what false information was and how it would help the community. 

Operation MockingBird is a program to influence the domestic American Media. Many different important communication sources have used Operation MockingBird before. Operation MockingBird had major influences over twenty five newspaper and wire agencies. It  was also able to be  a  covert US government operation run by the CIA to implant pro US propaganda in American Media and front organizations. This allows people to be able to broadcast their ideas by using propaganda but yet again using the false information method of Operation MockingBird. 

Operation MockingBird was very important during this time period. It was launched during the cold war and collected high intelligence amongst very different people. By working  with high journalists and institutions around the world affecting the public opinion due to being able to manipulate news media. After they saw how much Operation MockingBird influenced the American media it also expanded on to influence the foreign media. Journalists who were apart of Operation Mockingbird were reportedly through blackmail and threatened into doing this network. Many different documents during this time were shown but none of them were classified as Operation MockingBird. This allowed people to think that there was no sighting of false news in any other category that could be considered Operation MockingBird. 

All in all, Operation MockingBid was a way that was able to make the American news something it wasn't. There was always so much confusion in the world when different news sources and information was shown. This was a way for people to think something was going on when it really wasn't and was a way for people to gather incorrect information. Many news sources were changing from all of these different false information concepts and were blackmailing people to join their organizations and be free of this false idea. By the end of researching it was evident that the goal of Operation MockingBird was to manipulate domestic American News sources 

Anti War

After being in class and discussing all the factors of anti-war I never noticed how much people would voice their opinions on this subject. There are many websites and platforms that have made me enhance my learning on anti-war aside from what we discussed in class. The two websites are ANTIWAR.COM and The American Conservative. Both of these websites gave me a better understanding on what anti war really was and different examples of it. 

After reading the article Whatever Happened to the Antiwar Left  I learned how so many people actually did use their voices and stood up for what they believed in. It was February 15th when millions of people stormed the streets of eight hundred different cities to oppose the US led invasion of Iraq. Many people didn't agree with this and their choices. Although this was in the past there are still many different marches for people to stand up for what they believe and to use their voice. Many people don't hear about different situations going on in the world, another important one being stated in the article The Old Normal. This was about a church staying open during the COVID-19 worldwide pandemic. Many people thought everything in the world should be shut down yet this church was known to be the most successful and still is because of it staying open. You never heard this on CNN or Fox because of how much the news preached we were in a world wide lock down. 

Many times we don't hear of information like this. Websites like the two I looked at, ANTIWAR.COM and The American Conservative aren't ones people typically look at, yet they give us so much information and stories about different people using their voices and stating all the differences in their world. Sometimes by studying websites like these ones you are allowed to learn more and be able to voice your own opinions on situations you didn't even know were happening in the world.

Reaction to EOTO

After listening to the EOTO presentations I learned a lot about everyday technology. One piece of technology that's history stuck out to me in particular was Netflix. In 1977 Netflix was founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph in California . Back in 1977 Netflix was way different than what it is now. Netflix users would have to order movies off of a website and then receive DVDs of the film in the mail, and would have to send back the disk once they were done watching. This is so shocking to me because Netflix has evolved so much from this. Each movie rental was four dollars and a two dollar postal charge since the film was shipped. In 2007 was the time when Netflix allowed subscribers to be able to stream shows or movies from their own internet devices as well as DVDs. Once Netflix realized all the success that was reached once they let people stream different movies and shows from their own internet they were no longer mailing disks to people. Netflix is something that many people use and watch all of their different shows and movies on. Many people in today's society depend on Netflix to watch all of their favorite shows and movies. After hearing about how Netflix used to send people DVDs and you would have to pay per movie or show rather than a package it was just so shocking to see Netflix evolve so much.

EOTO

 One piece of technology that has evolved over many years that is very important is the telephone. The telephone was created in 1876 designed by Alexander Graham Bell. Alexander Graham Bell was not the only person who had the idea to design the telephone Elisha Grey was also someone who applied to invent the telephone. Bell's patent was the only one who went through in moving forward with inventing the telephone by the supreme court. Not only was Alexander Graham Bell and Elisha Grey the only ones who had the idea to create the telephone, Antonio Meucci invented something very similar to the telephone in 1849, it was the talking telegraph. 

Alexander Graham Bell designed the telephone in a centennial exhibit in Philadelphia Pennsylvania. This was where all of his ideas were in place and he was able to put together all of his ideas. Bell's purpose for creating the telephone was because when he moved to America he became a teacher to deaf students. He wanted to do something to help those who were deaf be able to communicate better. Another motive for his creation of the telephone was because his mom and wife were both also deaf.  Alexander Graham Bell thought communicating electronically could be a great way for people to be able to communicate from longer distances. This would be the first time back in the 1800s people were able to communicate with one another from longer distances. 

Getting the telephone technology to work so well obviously caused some problems for him.  He heard the sound on the wire everytime he would try to use the telephone. After lots of work he ended up figuring out how to fix this and added a simple current through the sound waves. Alexander Graham Bell was so determined of his creation and wanted to see it come alive. 

The telephone has changed society so much today. Telephones are still used each and everyday which is so beneficial. First before telephones people would have to write and mail letters or go to someone to talk. Now communication is so enhanced  because of telephones and the fact that you are able to call people from such a distance. Telephones have also allowed there to be many more job offers for people as well as bringing more business to the society. Without telephones people wouldn't be able to get a hold of businesses or others while in a workplace. Today everyone is always using a telephone because of how beneficial it is. Telephones have also been enhanced so far ever since Bell’s invention. News is also spread faster because of telephones which allows people to be more aware of what is going on in the world. Many people practice the concept of communication more efficiently because of telephones being made. If it weren't for telephones many people wouldnt be able to have all the benefits that they do today. All in all telephones are the reason people are able to keep in touch today so sufficiently and why so many people are so successful with their jobs.

8 Values Free Expression

 The Eight Values of free Expression: 

1. Marketplace of ideas 

2. Participation in Self Government 

3. Stable Change 

4. Individual  self fulfilment 

5. Check on governmental power 

6. Promote tolerance 

7. Promote innovation 

8. Protect dissent 

   
   

   
   

   The eight values of freedom are very important and essential in everyday life. Each day we live by all of these eight values that are very important to us. There are two of the eight values that stick out to me and apply to my life the most everyday. These are Stable change and individual self fulfillment . 

   
   

   First Stable change is very important. Each and everyday everyone's life is changing. People change everyday, some people are afraid of change , but change is such a normal thing. Stable change is also very important since it  could impact you as a person very positively. People in life should not be afraid to speak their mind. Everyone is entitled to their own opinion and should be able to try and make a change in the world. If people continued to remain quiet and not speak their mind or share their ideas the world would remain the same and there wouldn't be much to look forward to or changes to be made to improve our society. People being able to state what's on their mind will also help the government. The government will then be able to see what people are saying and keep them out of danger or be able to protect them from more dangerous events that may occur in the world. Benedict Spinoza claims that his philosophy allows people to be more aware of Freedom of speech and allows them to speak their mind to improve change in the society. This is very essential since people's lives are always changing and they should be able to dictate changes in their own life. 
   

   
   

   
   
   
   
   The second value that is important today is individual self fulfilment. In today's generation it is hard for people to express themselves and who they really are. Since technology is so important in today's society it is hard for people to be a certain way behind their phone screen, so they come off as being someone they're not when technology isn't present. This is a shame that technology is so essential in today's life since people depend on social media and technology to dictate the type of person they really are. Many people use social media as a place to say things that can sometimes be very hurtful towards another person, and something that someone wouldn't say face to face. This goes back to social media and technology taking away a person's actual identity and who they actually are. C Edwin Baker preaches the first amendment and states that people should be entitled to their own opinions that could protect one's human identities and who they really are. Social media cancels out the whole idea of self fulfilment because behind your screen isn't truly yourself and who you are. Self fulfilment is very important especially today since social media is taking up so much of everyone's everyday lives which allows people to not stay true to who they really are.